8 Popular Citation and Referencing styles

Nov 14, 2022 Image credit: Unsplash. Dr Tushar Chauhan

Citing and referencing is the standard practice for research scholars. Here is a list of 8 common citation and referencing styles students of different streams use.

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APA

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MLA

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Chicago

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Harvard

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IEEE

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AAA

[{"selector":"#anim-34589f7b-a50f-4290-bd37-0eaf99305efd [data-leaf-element=\"true\"]","keyframes":{"transform":["translate(0%, 0%) scale(1.5)","translate(0%, 0%) scale(1)"]},"delay":0,"duration":2000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"forwards"}] [{"selector":"#anim-ce59f553-4c44-4d13-8ddf-5377a9ebcca5","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":450,"duration":2000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.6, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-f5fbe9be-5002-4e4d-8233-a6b75b706ee9","keyframes":{"transform":["translate3d(0px, 152.49746%, 0)","translate3d(0px, 0px, 0)"]},"delay":450,"duration":2000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.6, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-7fb5d938-1efa-4b58-a4a4-25c98c38900a","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":450,"duration":2000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.6, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-8f7653d9-013e-476e-a2b3-56fe121ba209","keyframes":{"transform":["translate3d(0px, 190.64347%, 0)","translate3d(0px, 0px, 0)"]},"delay":450,"duration":2000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.6, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-a1021cc8-41d9-4e63-a830-2f6029a964fb","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":0,"duration":750,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.4, 0.4, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] AAA is the American Anthropological Association. This style is popularly used in the field of anthropology. Image credit: Unsplash.

ASA

[{"selector":"#anim-89f308a4-8ebe-47eb-b0a8-86be49b489d6 [data-leaf-element=\"true\"]","keyframes":{"transform":["translate(-7.105427357601002e-15%, 0%) scale(1.5)","translate(0%, 0%) scale(1)"]},"delay":0,"duration":2000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"forwards"}] [{"selector":"#anim-60477cfa-7da5-4ac7-83c5-6a442b8ac52b","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":450,"duration":2000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.6, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-05582e83-298d-4fac-9dde-05cc2277ebe2","keyframes":{"transform":["translate3d(0px, 165.34148%, 0)","translate3d(0px, 0px, 0)"]},"delay":450,"duration":2000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.6, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-647afa85-a805-4a46-922a-674376df6210","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":450,"duration":2000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.6, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-8189c11b-c8f5-4e3f-ac0f-c5e3daa9e2d6","keyframes":{"transform":["translate3d(0px, 190.64347%, 0)","translate3d(0px, 0px, 0)"]},"delay":450,"duration":2000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.6, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-8a81f9d5-5a43-41b8-9c5e-759ee45f6696","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":0,"duration":750,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.4, 0.4, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] ASA is the American Sociological Association. This style is popularly used in the sociology discipline. Image credit: Unsplash.

NLM

[{"selector":"#anim-b7eb4c7b-52b8-4adf-9ef4-dec344ce0537 [data-leaf-element=\"true\"]","keyframes":{"transform":["translate(-14.855469953698076%, 0%) scale(1.5)","translate(0%, 0%) scale(1)"]},"delay":0,"duration":2000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"forwards"}] [{"selector":"#anim-144e99d3-8841-49ed-97d4-f54cd3386644","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":450,"duration":2000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.6, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-6d9d406e-de90-4d05-85a7-189bb178c336","keyframes":{"transform":["translate3d(0px, 168.94245%, 0)","translate3d(0px, 0px, 0)"]},"delay":450,"duration":2000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.6, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-1efe9801-6282-4794-a8a4-0e01b18adf04","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":450,"duration":2000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.6, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-25593e88-62da-4bdb-824f-545f29a2b2fa","keyframes":{"transform":["translate3d(0px, 190.64347%, 0)","translate3d(0px, 0px, 0)"]},"delay":450,"duration":2000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.6, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-78f772b9-13a4-4b23-a28a-77d775b133fe","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":0,"duration":750,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.4, 0.4, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] NLM is the National Library of Medicine. This style is popularly used in medicine. Image credit: Unsplash.

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